• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates a plough (1) for ploughing snow. The plough (1) comprises at least one element (13). The element (13) comprises a frame (14), a blade holder shaft (18), a blade holder (15) and a blade (17). The blade holder shaft (18) extends substantially parallel to the blade holder (15) and the blade (17). The blade holder shaft (18) connects the frame (14) and the blade holder (15). The blade holder (15) is turnable around the blade holder shaft (18) in one turning direction (R). The element (13) comprises between the frame (14) and the blade holder (15) a spring shaft (16) that is substantially perpendicular to the blade holder shaft (18) and around the spring shaft (16) a spring (20) for resisting the blade holder (15) to turn around the blade holder shaft (18).
    公开号:FI20195898A1
    申请号:FI20195898D
    申请日:2019-10-18
    公开日:2021-03-31
    发明作者:Raido Pajussaar；Arno Jürisson
    申请人:Jpt Jaskari Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    A PLOUGH FOR PLOUGHING SNOW
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a plough for ploughing snow. The plough comprises at least one element. The element comprises a frame, a blade holder shaft, a blade holder and a blade. The blade holder shaft extends subtantially parallel to the blade holder and the blade. The blade holder shaft connects the frame and the blade holder. The blade holder is turnable around the blade holder shaft.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION One of the problems associated with the above arrangement is that the blade holder turns too easily, or it gets damaged due to a collision with a hard ob- stacle. Further, the ploughed surface is coarse which means poor driving comfort since the coarse surface generates noise and vibrations.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention to provide a plough so as to solve the above problems. The objects of the invention are achieved by a method and an ar- rangement which are characterized by what is stated in the independent claims. The preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims. The plough has several advantages. Vibrations decrease in the blade and the blade holder and therefore, ploughed surfaces become smoother. This in- creases safety on roads since vehicles have better traction. Driving is also more comfortable on the smooth roads. It is also possible to use more force in scraping o uneven or tough surfaces because the blade is in its normal position more rigid > than in conventional ploughs. However, when a certain force is exceeded the blade O 25 moves to another position so that damages are prevented. The certain force is ad- NA justable by design choices. > The plough is described in a position in which it is during use, i.e. it is E assumed that the plough in on a horizontal plane in a position in which it is during x its use. LO 30 The plough is preferably a snow plough. The plough comprises at least > one element. A straight plough comprises only one element, a V-type plough com- prises two elements and a U-type plough comprises three elements. There is a joint between the elements. The joint may be a hinged joint.
    The element comprises a frame to which the other parts of the element are fastened. A blade holder is joined to the frame by a blade holder shaft, which extends parallel to the blade holder. The blade holder is provided with a blade that in use is in contact with a surface to be ploughed.
    There is a spring shaft between the frame and the blade holder. The up- per end of the substantially vertical spring shaft is fastened to a spring shaft mount- ing hole in the frame is such a manner that the shaft can move up and down through the hole. The lower end of the spring shaft is fastened to the blade holder via a groove shaft and at least one lever. The lower end of the spring shaft is fastened to — the groove shaft, which in its turn is fastened to at least one lever. The lever is fastened to the blade holder e.g. by a substantially horizontal shaft. The lever is capable of turning around the horizontal shaft or another suitable fastening means to which itis fastened in the blade holder.
    There is a spring around the spring shaft in such a manner that the — spring is compressed between the groove shaft and the frame. The upper end of the spring is situated under the spring shaft mounting hole in the frame.
    When the plough is in use the spring resists the blade holder to turn around the blade holder shaft, i.e. the spring keeps the groove shaft in place. The blade holder is rigid in usual ploughing due to the spring and that is why it is pos- sible to use more force in scraping uneven or tough surfaces.
    The blade holder is turnable around the blade holder shaft. When there is during ploughing an obstacle in front of the plough that cannot be moved without damaging the plough the blade holder turns backwards so that the blade passes the obstacle. The turning behavior of the blade holder can be adjusted by the selection — of the spring, i.e. selecting a spring which have a proper force for resisting stretch- > ing or compressing.
    5 The frame comprises two lugs between which the groove shaftis assem- 5 bled. Both lugs are provided with a groove having a shape of a circular arch. The Tr ends of the groove shaft are fitted in the grooves. When the blade meets an obstacle = 30 the both ends of the groove shaft are capable of moving in the groove of the respec- E tive end.
    o The lugs and their grooves may be replaced by wheels. The wheels must Q have at least the same radius as that of the grooves. There is one hole for a shaft in 2 the wheel and one hole for a pivot point.
    N 35 The plough may also comprise a limiter that prevents the outmost ele- ments, usually called wings, to collide with the vehicle that operates the plough. A collision can happen when a main frame is turned around a pivot point of a turning device and the outermost element, i.e. a side wing, is fully turned back.
    One advantage of the limiter is that it is possible to work faster with the plough because there is no risk of a collision between the operating vehicle and the plough. Also human errors are prevented in that manner.
    The limiter is usable in ploughs that have more than one element, e.g. in a V-type plough which comprises two elements, or in a U-type plough which com- prises three elements.
    The basic principle of the limiter is that it prevents turning of the out- most element in certain situations. The plough may comprise the spring and the components related to it alone, the limiter and the components related to it alone, or both the spring and the components related to it and the limiter and the components related to it together. The limiter comprises a wing limiter rack that is located inside the main — frame. The wing limiter rack moves parallel to the main frame by the turning device and a wing limiter gear. The wing limiter rack has gears on one side for connecting the wing limiter rack and the wing limiter gear. The wing limiter gear is an idler gear which turns around an idler gear shaft. The wing limiter gear connects the turning device with the wing limiter rack. There are three links, namely a first link, a second link and a third link. The first link connects the rocker arm to the second link and the third link. When the side wing turns from front of plough to the back then all three links move closer to a wing limiter switch which is an electrical switch. When the third link pushes the wing limiter switch then the turning of the side wing from front to back is stopped. After that the side wing can only move to the opposite direction, i.e. from > back to front. The point where the side wing stops is adjustable by changing the S lengths of the second and third links. © 2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS E 30 In the following the invention will be described in greater detail by © means of preferred embodiments with reference to the attached [accompanying] 8 drawings, in which 2 Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a part of a U-type plough; N Figure 2 shows a perspective view of an element of a plough; Figure 3 shows a partial perspective view of a plough;
    Figure 4 shows a partial perspective view of a plough; Figure 5 shows detail A of Fig. 4 in a perspective view; Figure 6 shows a hydraulic scheme of a wing limiter.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a part of a U-type plough 1. The U- type plough is an example of a plough to which the ideas disclosed in the brief de- scription and the detailed description can be applied.
    The plough 1 comprises a main frame 2 to which other components of the plough 1 are connected. There are side wings 3 on both sides of the main frame 2 (only one side wing 3 shown in Fig. 1). The main frame 2 and the side wings 3 are jointly designated as elements 13 of the plough 1, i.e. if a feature is common to the main frame 2 and the side wing 3 they both are designated as the element 13 (Figs. 2 and 3).
    The both side wings 3 are operated separately by the plough operator.
    — There is a hydraulic cylinder 5 of the side wing 3 which moves the side wing 3 through a rocker arm 4. The rocker arm 4 comprises three pivot points. The side wing 3 turns around a pivot point that connects the main frame 2 and the side wing
    3. The side wing 3 may turn at the highest 180°, i.e. the side wing 3 is capable of turning 90° to the front and 90° degrees to the back in respect of the horizontal direction of the main frame 2.
    The plough 1 comprises a turning device 6. The turning device 6 con- nects the plough 1 to a vehicle and its hydraulic system. The turning device 6 allows turning of the plough 1 to different angles. The turning device 6 comprises a hy- draulic cylinder 7 on its both sides. The hydraulic cylinder 7 is for turning the main frame 2 around a shaft 8 of the turning device 6, i.e. a pivot point of the turning = device 6, and holding the main frame 2 in place after turning.
    5 Figures 2 and 3 show a perspective view of an element 13 of a plough 1.
    N The element comprises a frame 14 to which the other parts of the element 13 are > fastened. A blade holder 15 is joined to the frame 14 by a blade holder shaft 18, E 30 — which extends parallel to the blade holder 15. The blade holder 15 is provided with © a blade 17 that is in use in contact with a surface to be ploughed.
    8 There is a spring shaft 16 between the frame 14 and the blade holder D 15. The upper end of the spring shaft 16 is fastened to a spring shaft mounting hole N 17 in the frame 14 in such a manner that the shaft 16 can move up and down through the hole 17. The lower end of the spring shaft 16 is fastened to the blade holder 15 via a substantially horizontal shaft 18 and at least one lever 19. The lower end of the spring shaft 16 is fastened to the substantially horizontal groove shaft 24, which in its turn is fastened to atleast one lever 19. The lever 19 is fastened to the blade holder 15. There is a spring 20 around the spring shaft 16 in such a man- 5 ner that the spring 20 is compressed between the groove shaft 24 and the frame
    14. The upper end of the spring 20 is situated under the spring shaft mounting hole 17 in the frame 14. The spring 20 and the spring shaft 16 are behind the main frame in respect of the direction of motion of the vehicle to which the plough 1 is connected.
    When the plough 1 is in use the spring 20 resists the blade holder 15 to turn around the blade holder shaft 18. The blade holder 15 is rigid in usual plough- ing due to the spring 20 and that is why it is possible to use more force in scraping uneven or tough surfaces.
    The blade holder 15 is turnable from its normal vertical position but only in one direction R around the blade holder shaft 18. When there is an obstacle in front of the plough 1 that cannot be moved without damaging the plough the blade holder 15 turns backwards so that the blade 17 passes the obstacle. After that the blade holder 15 and the blade 17 return back to their normal vertical po- sition. The turning behavior of the blade holder 15 can be adjusted by the selection of the spring 20, i.e. selecting a spring which have a proper force for resisting stretching or compressing.
    The blade holder 15 comprises the lever 19 and the groove shaft 24 con- nected to the lever 19. The lever 19 is capable of turning around a substantially horizontal shaft 21 to which it is fastened in the blade holder 15. The groove shaft 24 is parallel to the horizontal shaft 21.
    o The frame comprises two lugs 22 between which the groove shaft 24 is 5 assembled. Both lugs 22 are provided with a groove 23 having a shape ofa circular 5 arch. The ends of the groove shaft 24 are fitted in the grooves 23. When the blade Tr 17 meets an obstacle the both ends of the groove shaft 24 are capable of moving in = 30 the groove 23 of the respective end. Thus, the spring 20 is compressed. E Figure 4 shows an exploded perspective view of some plough parts. The © plough 1 comprises a limiter which is shown also in Figure 1 and in detail in Figure 8 5. 2 The limiter comprises a wing limiter rack 9 that is located inside the N 35 main frame 2. The wing limiter rack 9 moves parallel to the main frame 2 and the turning device 6. A wing limiter gear 28 comprising a toothed gear connects the turning device 6 to the wing limiter rack 9 and transfers the moving force to the wing limiter rack 9. The wing limiter rack 9 has gears on one side for connecting the wing limiter rack 9 with the turning device 6 via the wing limiter gear 28. The wing limiter gear 28 is an idler gear which turns around an idler gear shaft 30.
    There are three links, namely a firstlink 10, a second link 11 and a third link 12. The first link 10 connects the rocker arm 4 with the second link 11 and the third link 12. Thus, all three links 10, 11, 12 are connected through to the rocker arm 4. When the side wing 3 turns from front of plough to the back then all three links 10, 11, 12 move closer to a wing limiter switch 29. The wing limiter switch is an electrical switch. When the third link 12 pushes the wing limiter switch 29 then the turning of the side wing 3 from front to back is stopped. After that the side wing can only move to the opposite direction, i.e. from back to front. Additionally, once the wing limiter switch 29 is activated it may also have an effect on the movement of the main frame 2 by the turning device 6. In other words, when the side wing 3 isin its backmost position then the movement of the main frame 2 is also stopped to that direction provided that the wing limiter has been adjusted in that manner. The point where the side wing 3 stops is adjustable by changing the lengths of the second and third links 11, 12.
    Figure 6 shows one possible hydraulic scheme of a wing limiter. The — scheme comprises the following components of the hydraulic system: A hydraulic cylinder of a left wing 31 A hydraulic cylinder of a right wing 32 (the same as part 5 in Fig. 1) A left turning device cylinder 33 (the same as part 7 in Fig. 1) A right turning device cylinder 34 Control valves 35, such as electro hydraulic control valves > Check valves that are operated by a pilot 36
    N O It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that, as the technology o advances, the inventive concept can be implemented in various ways. The inven- A 30 tion and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above but may E vary within the scope of the claims. 3 >N
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1] 1. A plough (1) for ploughing snow, the plough (1) comprising at least one element (13), the element (13) comprising a frame (14), a blade holder shaft (18), a blade holder (15) and a blade (17), the blade holder shaft (18) extending substantially parallel to the blade holder (15) and the blade (17), the blade holder shaft (18) connecting the frame (14) and the blade holder (15), the blade holder (15) being turnable around the blade holder shaft (18), characterized in that the element (13) comprises between the frame (14) and the blade holder (15) a spring shaft (16) that is substantially perpendicular to the blade holder shaft (18) and around the spring shaft (16) a spring (20) for resisting the blade holder (18) to turn around the blade holder shaft (18).
    [2] 2. The plough according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade holder (15) comprises a lever (19) and a groove shaft (24) connected to the lever (19).
    [3] 3. The plough according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the frame (14) comprises at least two lugs (22), each lug (22) being provided with a groove (23) having a shape of a circular arch.
    [4] 4. The plough according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the ends of the groove shaft (24) are fitted in the grooves (23).
    [5] 5. The plough according to any preceding claim 2 to 4, characterized in that the spring shaft (16) is connected to the groove shaft (24) and it is configured to extend towards the frame (14) perpendicular to the groove shaft (24). o
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI128929B|2021-03-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20195898A|FI128929B|2019-10-18|2019-10-18|A plough for ploughing snow|
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